Mound
Springs are the natural outlet for artesian water – the surface manifestation
of the artesian basin in Outback Australia. Hundreds of mound spring spring
vents occur along the southwestern edge of the basin and occur where tectonism
has allowed water to escape to the surface through fault lines, or where
fractures have occurred along the rim. The Oodnadatta Track follows the
springs. The largest of the springs is Dalhousie Springs. The estimated
outflow of all water from mound springs is 1500L/s There are perhaps
in excess of 700 vents in total. Some are mere seepages at the base of
hills; others like the McLauchlin complex consist of sand and peat. Others
are limestone. The oldest springs are extinct Pleistocene mounds, like
Hamilton Hill, which are relics of when the Great Artesian Basin had a
much higher hydrostatic head than at present.Since European settlement,
many bores have been sunk, resulting in reduced aquifer pressure.
There are many plant and animal species endemic to Mound Springs.
The flora is of great interest because of the large number of rare or
relic species that can be found there, and there are fascinating micro
fauna, some genera restricted to single springs!
For more information on malacology click here
There are several species of small fish living in mound springs.
Prior to European settlement, Mound Springs were the only source
of permanent water. They feature predominantly in Aboriginal mythology,
and the dense lithic material surrounding most of the springs evidences
the long-term Aboriginal visitation. Europeans exploration followed the
mound springs north. Soon after came the Overland Telegraph Line. The
ruins of two Telegraph Stations, Peake and Strangways are located on mound
springs. The old Ghan railway followed the springs north to Alice Springs.
An outstanding example of mound springs can be found in the Wabma Kardarbu
National Park on the Oodnadatta Track.
To visit the Great Artesian Basin Consultative committee, click here.
Diamantina Touring Company visit mound springs on many of their expeditions. To find out more click here
